DNA

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development, function, and reproduction of all living organisms. It is a long, double-stranded helix made up of four types of nucleotide building blocks: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).
The nucleotides are linked together in a specific sequence to form a code that carries the genetic information. The sequence of nucleotides is read by the cell and used to produce proteins, which carry out a wide range of functions within the body.
The structure of DNA is highly organized and complex, with each strand of the helix running in opposite directions and the nucleotides pairing up in a complementary manner. This structure allows for the replication of DNA during cell division, as well as for the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next.
The discovery of the structure of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 is considered one of the most important scientific breakthroughs of the 20th century, and has had a profound impact on fields such as genetics, biotechnology, and medicine.