HIV, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, is a viral infection that specifically targets and weakens the immune system by infecting immune cells, primarily CD4 T cells. As HIV progresses, it can lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a condition characterized by a severely compromised immune system. Early stages of HIV may not exhibit noticeable symptoms, but as the disease advances, symptoms can include fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and more. HIV is primarily transmitted through contact with specific bodily fluids, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, rectal fluids, and breast milk. The virus can be diagnosed through blood tests looking for antibodies or the virus itself, and treatment typically involves Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), which can slow the virus’s replication and boost the immune system. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial. Raising awareness, getting tested, and supporting those affected by HIV and AIDS are vital aspects of addressing this global health challenge.